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Basic Commands
אחורה X , אח X
The turtle back x points
Example:
back 50
ימינה X , ימ X
Rotate the turtle right x degrees
Example:
right 90
Explained in lesson:
נקהמסך , נמ
Will clear the screen and return the turtle home
Example:
cs
Explained in lesson:
שנהצורה X or STR , שנצו X or STR
Will change the turtle to another shape accordin to the following 0 = "turtle", 1 = "cat", 2 = "fish", 3 = "dog", 4 = "horse", 5 = "tiger", 6 = "crab", 7 = "snail"
Example:
csh 1 or csh "dog
Explained in lesson:
Controlling the Pen
הרםעט , הרע
Turtle stops leaving a trail
Example:
penup
Explained in lesson:
הורדעט , הוע
The turtle will leave a trail
Example:
pendown
Explained in lesson:
המתן X
Will cause the turtle to wait X ( 60ths of seconds ) time before executing the command
Example:
repeat 4 [ wait 10 fd 50]
Explained in lesson:
הביתה
Moves the turtle to center, pointing upwards
Example:
home
קבעמיקוםאפקי NUM_x
Move turtle to the specified X location
Example:
setx 100
Explained in lesson:
קבעמיקוםאנכי NUM_y
Move turtle to the specified Y location
Example:
sety 200
Explained in lesson:
קבעמיקוםצב NUM_X NUM_Y
Move turtle to the specified location
Example:
setxy 100 100
Explained in lesson:
כווןראש , כר
Rotate the turtle to the specified heading
Example:
sh 145
Explained in lesson:
קשת ANGLE RADIUS
Will create an arc distance RADIUS covering ANGLE angle
Example:
ARC 360 5
Explained in lesson:
ellipse WIDTH HEIGHT
Will craete an ellipse width Width and height Height
Example:
ellipse 80 90
מיקום
Outputs the current turtle position as [ x y ], x or y respectively
Example:
pos
Explained in lesson:
מיקוםאפקי
Outputs the current turtle position as [ x y ], x or y respectively
Example:
xcor
Explained in lesson:
מיקוםאנכי
Outputs the current turtle position as [ x y ], x or y respectively
Example:
ycor
Explained in lesson:
לאן
Outputs the current turtle heading
Example:
heading
כיצדלהגיע
Outputs the heading towards the specified [ x y ] coordinates
Example:
towards
Explained in lesson:
Loops and procedure
חזור X [ statements ... ]
Repeat statements X times
Example:
repeat 4 [ fd 50 rt 90]
Explained in lesson:
מונהחזרה
Outputs the current iteration number of the current repeat or forever
Example:
repeat 4 [ repcount ]
for controllist [ statements ...]
Typical for loop. The controllist specifies three or four members: the local varname, start value, limit value, and optional step size
Example:
for [i 1 10 1] [print :i]
Explained in lesson:
למד PROCNAME inputs ... statements ... end
Define a new named procedure with optional inputs
Example:
to TURTLE repeat 4 [ fd 50 rt 90] end
Explained in lesson:
make varname expr
Update a variable or define a new global variable. The variable name must be quoted
Example:
make "foo 5
Explained in lesson:
: VARNAME
access the content of VARNAME
Example:
make "foo 5 repeate :foo [fd 50 rt 360 / :foo]
Lists
רשימה thing1 thing2 ...
Create a new list from the inputs
Example:
make "mylist (list "turtle "academy)
Explained in lesson:
ראשון listname
Outputs the first item from the list
Example:
print first :mylist
Explained in lesson:
בליראשון listname
Outputs all the items of listname except for the first item
Example:
print butfirst :mylist
Explained in lesson:
אחרון listname
Outputs the last item from the list
Example:
print last :mylist
Explained in lesson:
בליאחרון listname
Outputs all the items of listname except for the last item
Example:
print butlast :mylist
Explained in lesson:
פריט index listname
Outputs the indexlist item of the list or array
Example:
print item 1 :mylist
Explained in lesson:
בחר index listname
Outputs one item from a list, at random
Example:
print pick :mylist
Explained in lesson:
Colors
שנהצבע X
0: שחור | 1: כחול | 2: ליים |
3: סיין | 4: אדום | 5: מגנטה |
6: צהוב | 7: לבן | 8: חום |
9: טנגנס | 10: ירוק | 11: אקווריום |
12: סלמון | 13: סגול | 14: כתום |
15: עפור |
Example:
setcolor 1
Explained in lesson:
שנהצבע [r,g,b]
Will set the turtle color accroding to the amount of red , green and blue
Example:
setcolor [50 100 50]
צבערקע
Does a paint bucket flood fill at the turtle\'s position
Example:
cs repeear 4 [ fd 50 rt 90 ] pu setxy 50 50 pd fill
Explained in lesson:
filled fillcolor [ statements ... ]
Execute statements without drawing but keeping track of turtle movements. When complete, fill the region traced by the turtle with fillcolor and outline the region with the current pen style
Example:
filled "blue [repeat 4 [fd 100 rt 90]]
Explained in lesson:
Math
חיסור X Y
return the distance between x and y x-y
Example:
print minus 8 2
אקראי X
Will choose a random number between 0 - (X-1)'
Example:
cs print sum random 10 3
Explained in lesson:
modulo expr expr
Outputs the remainder (modulus). For remainder and % the result has the same sign as the first input; for modulo the result has the same sign as a the second input.
Example:
cs print modulo 10 3
Control Structure
אם expr [statement]
Execute statment if expressoin is true
Example:
if 2>1 [print "hello]
Explained in lesson:
אםאחרת expr [statementTrue] [statementFalse]
Execute StatementTrue if tru else execute statementFalse
Example:
ifelse 0>1 [print "true] [print "false]
test expr
Test the specified expression save the result in the local scope for the subsequent use by iftrue iffalse
Example:
test 3>4 iftrue [print "true] iffalse [print "false]
אםאמת [statements]
Example:
test 3>4 iftrue [print "true] iffalse [print "false]
iffalse [statements]]
Example:
test 3>4 iftrue [print "true] iffalse [print "false]